Vol. 6 No. 3 - 1993

Lynastown

a seventeenth century Quaker Burial Ground

by Philip B Wilson

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Over the past year a number of groups have co-operated in an extensive renovation programme at the old Quaker Burial Ground known as Lynastown. This cemetery, which is one of the oldest, if not the oldest Quaker graveyard in Ireland, lies some 75 metres to the north of the Bluestone Road on the edge of the Brownlow sector of Craigavon.

The Quaker movement was initiated in Ireland by William Edmondson. He was convinced of its validity while on a stock purchasing visit to England. On his return to Ireland he opened a shop in Lurgan and in 1654 commenced a Quaker Meeting for worship, probably the first in Ireland, in his own house. This house was located in what is now Church Place in Lurgan, approximately where the premises of T G Menary & Co., solicitors, are at present.

The origins of the Lynastown burial ground

Among the first worshippers in William Edmondson's house was old William Lynas and, when he died on 20 June 1658, Quaker principles precluded his burial by a priest in the parish graveyard. He was therefore buried in a small plot belonging to his son Thomas in the townland of Moyraverty and it was this small plot which developed into Lynastown burial ground. Thirteen other members of the Society of Friends were interred before an Indenture was signed on 15 December 1673 and the sum of ten shillings paid to Thomas Lynas for the transfer of this ground to Francis Robson of Tamnificarbet and William Porter of Lurgan. Both these men were weavers and prominent local Quakers and this indenture, which was for a period of seven years, was the first step in bringing the burial ground under more formal Quaker control.

The Indenture details the dimensions of the burial ground which are identical with those of today: "Part of the townland of Moyraverty ... which doth contain by estimation (on the side towards the King's High Street) twenty-five yards and a half or thereabouts and on that side adjoining Westwards on a piece of ground now in the tennure and possession of Richard Mathson containing thirty-five yards or thereabouts also butting and bounding Eastwards on a piece of ground in the tennure and possession of Leonard Calvert together with a highway leading from the King's High Street (into the aforementioned sould piece of ground) along by Leonard Calvert's groundside through the end of a little plot of ground called Whitehead's Garden containing seven yards broad or thereabouts be it more or less as it is now ditched and fenced out..."

The Indenture was witnessed by ten men, seven of whom were sufficiently literate to sign their names and very sensibly included the adjoining landowners Richard Measson and Leonard Calvert.

Almost six years later, on 2 August 1679, a Deed of Conveyance was signed transferring the ground at Lynastown to twelve other Quakers. This Conveyance stated quite specifically that "the onely intent use and purpose that the aforesaid piece of parcell shall and may bee continue and remain a burying place wherein for the bury their dead and not only theirs but such others as they the aforesaid people shall suffer there to be buried".

High level of literacy

Again, each of these twelve men were able to sign their names, as were eight of the nine witnesses. This indicates a remarkable level of literacy among Lurgan's Quaker community in the seventeenth century. Eleven of the signatories were tradesmen and the trades represented were linen draper, cooper, turner, tanner, shopkeeper, weaver (2), tailor (2), and smith (2). One of the signatories, Vallentine Hollingsworth, was listed as a freeholder.

The burying place at Lynastown was originally surrounded by a hawthorn hedge, and possibly a ditch, although there was constant complaint about the wetness of the ground. Access was by means of a gate and by 1679 there was a demand for a lock for this gate - possibly to prevent entry by straying animals. William Williams was asked by Lurgan Men's Meeting on 29 November 1862 to "provide and make ye graves at ye burying place when there is occasion" and on 17 of twelfth month 1685 they decided to approach him to negotiate for a drier piece of ground to act as a new burying place.

These negotiations, however, proved unsuccessful. Thirty-five shillings were paid in 1686 for ditching and fencing and the Quaker desire for proper order was manifest when in the same year it was agreed that "all graves be hereafter made in a row, and at one side of ye burying place". Recurring problems over securing the entrance were resolved on 23 December 1687 when "Thomas Wainwright having gotten a new gate made for the burying place gives account to this meeting that ye new gate, and gate posts, and a lock and hinges for ye sd. gate with new style and getting and finishing ye same cost twenty shillings".

The same meeting decided that John Hutchesson should be asked to maintain the graveyard on a regular basis. He later agreed to do this but appears not to have continued these duties for long as on 4 November 1690 Mark Wright and Thomas Wainwright were "desired to take care the graveyard fences and stile be well made and kept in repair".

Careful record keeping

Lurgan meeting was not only conscious of the need for fencing, draining and orderly arrangement of the graveyard. There was also concern that proper records should be kept. John Dobb was entrusted with this task on 9 of twelfth month 1687. By October 1691 he had left the country, possibly a consequence of the Williamite Wars and the record book, was "committed to ye custody of William Porter that it may be more duly kept in order as formerly".

Records of the date of construction of the stone wall encompassing the burial ground have not yet come to light but its appearance suggests that it was built in stages, possibly beginning as a famine relief measure in the 1840's. This supposition is borne out by the Ordnance Survey maps which show no wall in 1835, the north and west walls complete by 1860 and the east wall complete by 1908. The south wall, which contains the archway and gate and faces towards the Bluestone Road, must have been completed during the early part of the present century. The caretaker's house, regrettably demolished as part of Craigavon's early development, appears on the 1860 O.S. map but not on the 1835 edition.

Initial Quaker meetings for worship and for the purpose of marriage were held in the homes of members. Early meetings were held in William Edmonson's and when he left for Cavan other frequently used homes were those of Roger Webb and Mark Wright. After Roger Wright's death and burial at Lynastown in 1684 meeting were often held at the house of John Robson in Tamnificarbet, almost half-way between Lurgan and Portadown, and some Quaker marriage records to the "publick meeting house of John Robson's".

William Edmondson in his Journal refers to a visit to John Robson's house in 1695 "and from thence to a meeting at Lurgan". The minute of this meeting on 30 April 1695 records that "Our antient friend William Edmondson be present at this meeting proposes ye great need there is of a better Meeting-house to be built that which is being in a Decaying Condition and not suitable for ye Meeting. So it being approved by ye meeting that there is a necessity for a better house have consented that preparation be made for ye Building of a better as Conveniently can be had". Just two years later the new Meeting House and its associated new burying ground were in use and the first burial there was that of Thomas Turner of Lurgan who died 29 December 1697. From this date onwards interments at Lynastown declined.

Prior to the opening of the Lurgan Meeting House and burying ground the Christy, Morton and Mulligan families of Moyallon had used Lynastown for interments. They not only continued this practice for a time after 1697, but even after the new Moyallon Meeting House and Graveyard had opened in 1736 the Christy family continued to use Lynastown. There were 39 burials between 1717 and 1788 and only five of these were definitely of friends who were not from Moyallon and its adjacent townlands. Fifteen members of the Christy family were interred in Lynastown during this period.

After the funeral of George Ballintine of Moyraverty in 1788 there were no further burials at Lynastown for over fifty years. During this period a number of Friends joined the emerging Methodist Church and among these were several of the Webb family.

The big wind

On the night of 6/7 January 1839 one of the worst storms in Irish recorded history devastated much of the country. Factories and churches were severely damaged, hundreds of thousands of trees uprooted and thatched cottages stripped of their roofs. The spire of Shankill Parish Church in Lurgan was blown down and the new Methodist Chapel at Bluestone, which was almost ready for consecration, was levelled to the ground.

In Moyallon 73 year old Margaret Webb did not survive the storm. Her funeral, on 8 January 1839, was to Lynastown and on its way it passed the rubble of the devastated church. Over the next twelve months there were four more interments at Lynastown and all of these were of people who lived locally. In the space of the next one hundred and fifty years there were only 26 further burials, almost exclusively of people who had not been members of the Society of Friends. Their average age was 73, contrasting sharply with the great number of child burials (40%) which had been the case in the first fifty years.

Lynastown - List of Interments

NOTE: Original spellings have been used throughout.

	Date of death yyyy/mm/dd	Surname	First Name	Relationship	Townland
1	1658/04/20	Lynas	William	The Older	Legacorry
2	1658/08/00	Sawyer	Mark		Legacorry
3	1664/10/00	Wright	James	Son of Mark	Legacorry
4	1668/07/00	Bell	Archibald	Son of Archibald	Tannaghmore
5	1670/02/11	Hoope	Abraham	Son of Robert	Lurgan
6	1670/07/20	Bass	Peter	Husband of Jane ?	Bucconnell
7	1670/10/00	Bradshaw	John	Son of James	Dromnikelly
8	1670/10/00	Pierson	Christopher		Lurgan
9	1671/02/01	Hollingsworth	Ann	Wife of Valentine	Ballymacarmell
10	1671/05/24	Robson	Joseph	Son of Francis	Tanificorbet
11	1671/09/11	Robson	Isabel	Wife of Francis	Tanificorbet
12	1672/10/11	Hoope	Sarah	Daughter of Robert	Lurgan
13	1673/03/12	Hoope	Tabitha	Daughter of Robert	Lurgan
14	1673/05/20	Turner	Nathaniel	Son of Thomas	Lurgan
15	1674/05/23	Kirk	John		Ballyhanaghan
16	1674/07/08	Kirk	Dynah	Daughter of Roger	Tullygally
17	1674/09/09	Scaife	Thomas	Son of Michael	Ballyhanaghan
18	1674/12/23	Stamper	Sarah	Daughter of Hugh	Lurgan
19	1674/13/01	Rey	Ellinor	Wife of John	Lissacurran
20	1675/02/18	Harding	Mary	Daughter of John	Magheralin
21	1675/08/28	Wright	Mark	Son of Mark	Lyggacorry
22	1675/09/20	Peirson	William		Lurgan
23	1676/04/14	Thwayte	Thomas		Drougher
24	1676/04/27	Matthews	Abner	Son of William	Lurgan
25	1676/05/13	Matthews	Elizabeth	Wife of Alexander	Lurgan
26	1676/07/09	Stamper	Hugh		Lurgan
27	1677/10/16	Kirke	Margrit	Widow of John	Ballyhanaghan
28	1677/12/18	Scaife	Rebecca	Daughter of Michael	Ballyhanaghan
29	1677/12/28	Lea	Abner	Son of William	Waringstown
30	1678/03/03	Wickliffe	John		Lurgan
31	1678/07/15	Logan	Hanna	Daughter of Patrick	Lurgan
32	1678/10/11	Hart	Esther	Widow	Toberhenry
33	1678/11/25	Bullough	James		Lissacurran
34	1679/12/03	Wright	Ann	Daughter of Mark	Lygacorry
35	1680/09/05	Bass	Jane	Widow (of Peter ?)	Boconnell ?
36	1681/01/12	Stamper	Bridget	Widow of Hugh	Lurgan
37	1681/03/00	Harland	James	Son of Thomas	Tannaghmore ?
38	1681/05/07	Watherill	Thomas		Monraverty
39	1682/06/24	Lea	William	Son of William	Waringstown
40	1682/09/20	Webb	John	2nd Son of James & Sarah	Aghacommon
41	1682/11/07	Christy	Thomas	Son of Alexander	Moyallon
42	1682/12/16	Hoope	Moses	Son of Robert	Lurgan
43	1682/12/27	Walker	Deborah	Daughter of Thomas	Lurgan
44	1682/12/27	Walker	Joseph	Son of Thomas	Lurgan
45	1683/11/30	Robson	Ffrancis		Tanificorbet
46	1684/05/25	Hillery	Tobias	Son of Christopher	Tullygally
47	1684/09/05	Webb	Roger	4th Son of James & Sarah	Aghacommon
48	1684/11/09	Webb	Roger		Aghacommon
49	1685/04/09	Kirk	Elizabeth	Daughter of Roger	Tullygally
50	1685/04/10	Walker	Benjamin	Son of Thomas	Lurgan
51	1685/08/14	Robson	Hanna	Daughter of John	Tanificorbet
52	1685/09/06	Gilpin	John		Tannefaglessan
53	1685/10/24	Dunbar	David		Lurgan
54	1685/11/22	Atkinson	Edward		Ballinacor
55	1684/11/24	Stamper	Daniell	Son of Hugh (Aged 28)	Lurgan
56	1685/11/25	Gollphin	Hugh		Lurgan
57	1686/05/07	Kirk	Roger	2nd Son of Roger	Tollygally
58	1686/09/28	Bradshaw	James		Drummonycally
59	1686/11/27	Wright	Ann	Wife of Mark	Legacory
60	1686/12/12	Walker	Joseph	Son of Thomas & Mary	Lurgan
61	1687/01/07	Williams	Dorothy	Daughter of William
62	1687/01/07	Williams	Daniell	Son of William
63	1687/11/29	Webb	Roger	Son of John	Aghacommon
64	1688/04/21	Williams	William
65	1688/06/22	Webb	James	5th Son of James	Accammon
66	1688/06/25	Hodgson	George		Lurgan
67	1689/03/08	Harland	Katherwn	Wife of Thomas
68	1689/04/02	White	William		Killmore
69	1689/04/14	Brown	William		Termyrah
70	1689/06/05	White	John	Son of William	Killmoore
71	1689/06/09	Bradshaw	Mary	Daughter of James	Drummonycally
72	1689/06/18	Waddy	William	Son of William	Drummonycally
73	1689/06/20	Hodgson	Elizabeth	Widow	Drummonycally
74	1689/07/19	Waddy	Mary	Wife of William	Drummonycally
75	1689/09/00	Christy	Margaret	Daughter of Alexander	Monnallen
76	1689/09/20	Porter	Rachel	Daughter of William	Lurgan
77	1689/09/21	Porter	Mary	Wife of William	Lurgan
78	1689/09/23	Mathes	William		Lurgan
79	1689/11/13	Walker	Mary	Daughter of Thomas	Lurgan
80	1689/12/00	Robson	Francis	Son of John	Tannefecarbit
81	1689/12/00	Robson	John	Son of John	Tannefecarbit
82	1690/03/20	Bradshaw	Ruth	Daughter of James	Drumanecally
83	169005/16	Brown	Elizabeth	Daughter of William	Monreaverty
84	1690/06/20	Webb	Jonnathon	Son of John	Arracamon
85	1690/09/13	Webb	Sarah	3rd Daughter of James	Accammon
86	1690/10/28	Lea	John	Son of William	Warrinstown
87	1691/11/30	Harland	Peter		Tanahmore
88	1692/03/16	Bullock	Benjamin	Son of Ezeakiell	Lurgan
89	1692/09/08	Maison	Elizabeth	Wife of Richard	Termyrey
90	1693/02/20	Harding	Mary	Wife of Thomas	Lissacurran
91	1693/05/16	Christy	Mary	Daughter of Alexander	Monnallon
92	1693/06/11	Brown	Robert	Son of William	Monreaverty
93	1693/12/22	Hillary	Mary	Daughter of Ffrancis	Tollygally
94	1694/03/02	Christy	Isabell	Wife of John	Knocknanor
95	1694/03/02	Mullygin	Margaret	Daughter of James	Monallon
96	1694/03/14	Porter	Mary	Wife of John	Lurgan
97	1694/04/16	Porter	Hannah	Daughter of William	Lurgan
98	1694/05/17	Fox	Ann	1st Daughter of George Fox	Lurgan
99	1694/07/05	Bullock	Abraham	Son of Ezekiel	Lurgan
100	1694/09/23	Mullykin	James	Son of James	Monallon
101	1694/10/11	Noble	Alexander		Lurgan
102	1695/02/20	Gibson	Mary	Wife of William	Drumgor
103	1695/08/01	Hoope	Elisha	Son of Robert	Lurgan
104	1696/03/15	Hoope	Elisha	2dn Son of John	Lurgan
105	1696/04/28	Kirk	Deborah	Daughter of Timothy	Tullygally
106	1696/11/11	Morton	Abagail	4th Daughter of John	Monallen
107	1696/11/13	Halliday	Rachel	Wife of John
108	1697/08/23	Turner	Jonathan	2dn Son of John & Deborah	Taberbeney
109	1700/04/23	Harland	Mary	Widow of Peter	Tanaghmore
110	1700/05/25	Robson	Stephen	7th Son of John & Sarah	Tamneficarbet
111	1701/02/13	Webb	Ann	3rd Daughter of John	Aghacommon
112	1701 ?	Hillery	Dorothy	Eldest Daughter of Francis	Tullygally
113	1702/03/02	Hillery	Marmeduke		Tullygally ?
114	1703/01/10	Bullough	Sarah	Daughter of Thomas	Lurgan ?
115	1703/01/16	Bullough	Thomas		Lurgan ?
116	1703/02/04	Webb	Ann	1st Daughter of Roger & Mary	Annaloist ?
117	1703/09/07	Webb	James	2nd Son of Roger & Ann	Aghacommon
118	1703/11/13	Bullough	Mary	Daughter of Thomas & Catherine	Lurgan ?
119	1703/11/14	Bullock	George	Aged 81	Lurgan ?
120	1704/03/16	Lynas	Kateran	Wife of Richard	Lissacorran ?
121	1704 ?	Bullough	Joanna	Relict of ?	Lurgan ?
122	1705/02/20	Robson	Sarah	Daughter of John & Sarah	Tamnificarbet
123	1795/05/20	Webb	Jonathan	2nd Son of Roger & Mary	Annaloist ?
124	1705/12/09	Wright	Mark		Legacorry ?
125	1709/12/08	Sanders	Robert
126	1709/12/11	Webb	Ann	Mother of Roger (c 80 Years)	Aghacommon ?
127	1709/12/14	Webb	Judith	Wife of John	Aghacommon
128	1709/12/16	Webb	Rebecca	Daughter of John	Aghacommon
129	1713/01/08	Gibson	Deborah	Daughter of William	Lurgan
130	1714/09/17	Robson	John	Son of John (aged 23)	Tamnificarbet
131	1717/06/30	Christy	Margaret	Wife of Alexander (aged 72)	Knockanor ?
132	1718/11/15	Millikin	James		Moyallen
133	1719/03/20	Millikin	Martha	Widow	Moyallen ?
134	1720/03/24	Morton	Margaret	Wife of John	Moyallen ?
135	1722/02/29	Christy	Alexander	Aged c 80	Knockanor ?
136	1723/02/16	Lynas	William	Husband of Elizabeth	Monraverty
137	1723/03/26	Ranton	Margaret		Moyallen ?
138	1729/02/26	Morton	John		Moyallen ?
139	1734/06/15	Morton	Samuel	5th Son of John (aged 32)	Moyallen
140	1737/00/00	Lynas	Sarah	Daughter of Wm & Elizabeth	Monraverty
141	1737/12/16	Ranton	William		Moyallen
142	1741/08/00	Nicholson	Mary	Wife of John	Knockagor
143	1744/10/08	McDonnell	Edward	Husband os Sarah (Hobson)	Mullahead
144	1746 ?	Christy	Sarah	Daughter of Thomas & Mary	Moyallon
145	1746 ?	Christy	Elizabeth	Daughter of Thomas & Mary	Moyallon
146	1748/05/24	Christy	Mary	Wife of John	Moyallen
147	1750/09/11	Christy	Mary	Wife of Thomas	Moyallen
148	1753/01/10	Hobson	William		Mullahead
149	1761/12/02	Sinton	James	Son of Thomas & Margaret (2)
150	1763/00/00	Christy	John	Son of Alexander & Margaret	Moyallen
151	1764/00/00	Christy	John	Son of John & Deborah	Stramore ?
152	1764/05/10	Chambers	James	Son of Thomas & Catherine
153	1764/09/17	Neill	Sarah	Wife of John	Moyallen
154	1764/12/02	Christy	John	3rd Son of John & Deborah	Stramore ?
155	1764 ?	Chambers	Abagail	Daughter of Thomas & Catherine ?
156	1765/00/00	Christy	Margaret	Wife of James	Stramore ?
157	1765/05/15	Chambers	Mary	Daughter of Thomas & Catherine ?
158	1766/01/12	Sinton	James	Son of Thomas & Margaret (3)
159	1767/04/20	Chambers	Sarah	Daughter of Thomas & Catherine ?
160	1771/08/13	Christy	John	Son of James & Margaret	Stramore
161	1778/11/01	Christy	Hannah	Daughter of John & Deborah 12	Stramore
162	1779/00/00	Wakefield	Hannah	Wife of Joseph	Knocknagaor
163	1779/07/15	Christy	John	Son of John & Deborah 11	Stramore
164	1779 ?	Wakefield	Susannah	Daughter of Joseph & Hannah	Knockagor
165	1780/00/00	Dawson	Thomas	Son of Thomas & Mary	Lurgan ?
166	1780/04/23	Christy	Thomas	Son of John & Mary	Moyallon
167	1782/00/00	Neill	John	Son of James & Jane	Lurgan ?
168	1784/10/27	Christy	Joseph	Son of John & Deborah 24	Stramore ?
169	1788/03/30	Ballantine	George		Moyraverty
170	1839/01/07	Webb	Margaret	Aged 73	Moyallen
171	1839/02/05	Marshall	James	Aged 13	Clonrole
172	1839/03/18	Webb	John	Aged 36	Clonrole
173	1839/11/11	Allen	James	Aged 60	Tamnoflaghlassan
174	1840/01/17	Black	Mary	Aged 36	Clonrole
175	1857/11/08	Webb	Henry	Aged 80	Seagoe
176	1858/02/23	Marshall	James	Aged 60	Clanrolle
177	1858/12/19	Waite	Isabella	Aged 70	Drumgor
178	1859/01/04	Black	Elizabeth	Aged 58	Ballyhannon
179	1859/01/12	Webb	John	Aged 55	Clanroll
180	1868/08/31	Gibson	Elizabeth	Aged 58	Drumgor
181	1870/04/04	Black	Elizabeth	Aged 52	Moyraverty
182	1879/05/06	Green	Sarah	Wife if James 81	Ballynaghy
183	1880/01/25	Meghey	Richard	Aged 64	Lurgan
184	1880/10/19	Webb	Ellen	Wife of James 68	Clanrole
185	1887/01/26	Webb	Thomas	Aged 75	Clonrole
186	1887/02/23	Abraham	Mary	Aged 84	Drumnagoon
187	1888/12/14	Uprichard	Rebecca	Aged 87	Lurgan
188	1889/02/15	Webb	John	Aged 70	Lurgan
189	1890/12/05	Black	Thomas	Aged 88	Moyraverty
190	1895/04/26	Webb	Ann	Aged 72	Lurgan
191	1899/03/13	Williamson	John	Aged 85	Drumnagoon
192	1899/05/01	Green	James	Aged 86 (A Minister)	Lurgan
193	1908/02/11	Webb	Ann	Daughter of John & Ann 63	Belfast
194	1910/06/10	Green	Frances	Widow of James 77	Lurgan
195	1916/03/15	Webb	James	Son of John & Ann 77	Belfast
196	1918/00/0	Webb	Ruth	Daughter if John & Ann 59	Belfast
197	1928/11/07	Williamson	Mary	Daughter of John & Ester	Tamnafiglasson
198	1939/10/15	Williamson	William	Husband of Elizabeth 85	Drumnagoon
199	1959/03/30	Williamson	Elizabeth	Widow of William 99	Drumnagoon
200	1967/03/24	Williamson	Wm. John	Son of Wm. & Elizabeth 69	Drumnagoon

The final burial ay Lynastown was that of William John Williamson who died on 24 March 1967. New road and house building subsequently left the site exposed and open to vandals, and the growth of briars and bushes made it almost inaccessible. Work over recent months involving a number of community groups has concentrated on rebuilding the wall, providing a new archway and gate to the same designs as had previously existed and, hopefully, returning the burying ground to a place of rest and remembrance.

Restoration work at Lynastown

Restoration work at Lynastown has been carried out by a number of local, national and international groups and individuals. Sincere thanks are due to all these people and also to Mr S J W Cooper who illustrated the front cover of this booklet and to Mr P B Wilson who wrote the text. Both illustration and text originally appeared in the Craigavon Historical Society's "Review 1992-1993" and permission to reproduce these is gratefully acknowledged.

Craigavon Borough Council and the Home Mission Committee of the Religious Society of Friends have co-operated in the publication of this booklet.

Philip Wilson
6 June 1993

Bibliography

• Minute Book of Lurgan Men's Meeting, 1675-1710.
• Lurgan Monthly Meeting, Record Book "No 1", 1674 - mid 18c.
• Lurgan Monthly Meeting, Record Book "No 2", mid 18c. - early 19c.
• Lurgan Monthly Meeting Burial Register commencing 8th Day if 1st Month 1812.
• Craigavon Historical Society "Review", Vol. 1, No. 1 "Lynastown Burial Ground" by S J W Cooper.
• Craigavon Historical Society "Review", Vol. 2, No. 1 "Quaker Meeting
• Places in the Lurgan Area in the 17th Century" by George R Chapman.
• "Guide to Irish Quaker Records 1654-1860" by Olive C Goodbody and B G Hutton.
• "Settlement and Survival on an Ulster Estate - The Brownlow Leasebook 1667-1711" by R G Gillespie.
• "Bluestone - Gem of Irish Methodism 1789-1989" by Caroline M Jones.